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class="sidebar-heading open"><span>September</span> <span class="arrow down"></span></p> <ul class="sidebar-links sidebar-group-items"><li><a href="/nav.03.english/02.2019/2019-september/origins-of-christmas-1.html" class="active sidebar-link">圣诞节起源 1</a><ul class="sidebar-sub-headers"><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/nav.03.english/02.2019/2019-september/origins-of-christmas-1.html#翻译" class="sidebar-link">翻译</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/nav.03.english/02.2019/2019-september/origins-of-christmas-1.html#生词统计" class="sidebar-link">生词统计</a></li><li class="sidebar-sub-header"><a href="/nav.03.english/02.2019/2019-september/origins-of-christmas-1.html#原文阅读" class="sidebar-link">原文阅读</a></li></ul></li><li><a href="/nav.03.english/02.2019/2019-september/origins-of-christmas-2.html" class="sidebar-link">圣诞节起源 2</a></li></ul></section></li></ul></section></li><li><section class="sidebar-group collapsable depth-0"><p class="sidebar-heading"><span>2020</span> <span class="arrow right"></span></p> <!----></section></li></ul> </aside> <main class="page"> <div class="theme-default-content content__default"><h1 id="圣诞节起源-1"><a href="#圣诞节起源-1" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> 圣诞节起源 1</h1> <h3 id="origins-of-christmas-1"><a href="#origins-of-christmas-1" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> Origins of Christmas 1</h3> <h2 id="翻译"><a href="#翻译" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> 翻译</h2> <h4 id="christmas-is-the-most-widely-celebrated-holiday-in-the-world-today"><a href="#christmas-is-the-most-widely-celebrated-holiday-in-the-world-today" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> Christmas is the most widely celebrated holiday in the world today.</h4> <p>圣诞节是当今世界上庆祝最广泛的节日。</p> <h4 id="but-how-long-has-christmas-been-around-and-has-it-always-been-celebrated-the-same-way"><a href="#but-how-long-has-christmas-been-around-and-has-it-always-been-celebrated-the-same-way" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> But how long has Christmas been around? And has it always been celebrated the same way?</h4> <p>然而圣诞节存在多久了？人们一直以同样的方式庆祝圣诞节吗？</p> <h4 id="for-hundreds-of-years-many-different-cultures-across-europe-celebrated-a-yearly-festival-on-december-21"><a href="#for-hundreds-of-years-many-different-cultures-across-europe-celebrated-a-yearly-festival-on-december-21" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> For hundreds of years, many different cultures across Europe celebrated a yearly festival on December 21.</h4> <p>几百年来，欧洲各地不同的文化都在12月21日庆祝一年一度的节日。</p> <h4 id="this-day-is-known-as-the-winter-solstice"><a href="#this-day-is-known-as-the-winter-solstice" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> This day is known as the Winter <code>Solstice</code>.</h4> <p>这一天被称为冬至。</p> <h4 id="this-is-a-significant-day-because-it-is-the-shortest-day-of-the-year-meaning-that-this-day-has-the-least-amount-of-time-between-sunup-and-sundown"><a href="#this-is-a-significant-day-because-it-is-the-shortest-day-of-the-year-meaning-that-this-day-has-the-least-amount-of-time-between-sunup-and-sundown" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> This is a <code>significant</code> day because it is the shortest day of the year, meaning that this day has the least amount of time between sunup and sundown.</h4> <p>这是很有意义的一天，因为这是一年中最短的一天，意味着这一天的日出和日落之间的时间是最短的。</p> <h4 id="in-ancient-rome-there-were-multiple-celebrations-associated-with-the-solstice"><a href="#in-ancient-rome-there-were-multiple-celebrations-associated-with-the-solstice" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> In ancient Rome, there were multiple celebrations <code>associated</code> with the solstice.</h4> <p>在古罗马，很多庆祝活动都与冬至有关。</p> <h4 id="one-of-those-celebrations-was-known-as-saturnalia"><a href="#one-of-those-celebrations-was-known-as-saturnalia" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> One of those celebrations was known as <code>Saturnalia</code>.</h4> <p>其中一个节日就是农神节。</p> <h4 id="saturnalia-was-a-holiday-honoring-saturn-the-roman-god-of-agriculture"><a href="#saturnalia-was-a-holiday-honoring-saturn-the-roman-god-of-agriculture" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> Saturnalia was a holiday honoring Saturn, the Roman god of agriculture.</h4> <p>农神节是几年罗马农业之神萨杜恩的节日。</p> <h4 id="the-holiday-began-on-december-17-and-continued-through-december-23"><a href="#the-holiday-began-on-december-17-and-continued-through-december-23" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> The holiday began on December 17 and continued through December 23.</h4> <p>这个节日从12月17日开始一直持续到12月23日。</p> <h4 id="saturnalia-was-a-festive-time-when-food-and-drink-were-plentiful"><a href="#saturnalia-was-a-festive-time-when-food-and-drink-were-plentiful" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> Saturnalia was a festive time when food and drink were plentiful.</h4> <p>农神节期间，人们的饮食都很丰富。</p> <h4 id="during-this-season-of-fun-the-normal-social-order-would-reverse-and-the-wealthy-would-turn-control-of-the-city-over-to-the-poor"><a href="#during-this-season-of-fun-the-normal-social-order-would-reverse-and-the-wealthy-would-turn-control-of-the-city-over-to-the-poor" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> During this season of fun, the normal social order would reverse, and the wealthy would turn control of the city over to the poor.</h4> <p>在这个有趣的季节里，正常的社会秩序将会颠倒过来，富人们会把城市的控制权交给穷人。</p> <h4 id="businesses-and-schools-would-even-close-during-the-celebration-so-that-everyone-could-indulge-in-the-frivolity"><a href="#businesses-and-schools-would-even-close-during-the-celebration-so-that-everyone-could-indulge-in-the-frivolity" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> Businesses and schools would even close during the celebration, so that everyone could <code>indulge</code> in the <code>frivolity</code>.</h4> <p>庆祝活动期间，企业和学校甚至会歇业听课，让每个人都可以尽情的放纵自己。</p> <h4 id="in-germany-and-regions-further-north-the-winter-solstice-celebration-was-known-as-yule"><a href="#in-germany-and-regions-further-north-the-winter-solstice-celebration-was-known-as-yule" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> In Germany and regions further north, the Winter Solstice celebration was known as Yule.</h4> <p>在德国和更北部的地区，冬至庆祝活动被称为Yule（圣诞节过时叫法）。</p> <h4 id="during-the-yule-celebration-families-would-find-the-biggest-log-they-could-and-bring-it-inside"><a href="#during-the-yule-celebration-families-would-find-the-biggest-log-they-could-and-bring-it-inside" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> During the Yule celebration, families would find the biggest log they could and bring it inside.</h4> <p>在Yule节庆祝期间，家家户户都会找到他们能找到的最大的木柴，把它带回家。</p> <h4 id="they-would-burn-the-log-on-their-fireplace-and-attempt-to-keep-the-fire-going-for-12-days"><a href="#they-would-burn-the-log-on-their-fireplace-and-attempt-to-keep-the-fire-going-for-12-days" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> They would burn the log on their fireplace and attempt to keep the fire going for 12 days.</h4> <p>他们把木头放进壁炉里燃烧，并试图让火持续烧12天。</p> <h4 id="during-the-time-the-yule-log-burned-there-would-be-many-days-of-festivities-and-revelry"><a href="#during-the-time-the-yule-log-burned-there-would-be-many-days-of-festivities-and-revelry" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> During the time the Yule log burned, there would be many days of festivities and <code>revelry</code>.</h4> <p>在柴火燃烧期间，会有很多天的欢庆和狂欢。</p> <h4 id="yule-wasn-t-an-important-holiday-because-this-was-the-time-of-years-when-animails-were-slaughtered"><a href="#yule-wasn-t-an-important-holiday-because-this-was-the-time-of-years-when-animails-were-slaughtered" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> Yule wasn't an important holiday, because this was the time of years when animails were <code>slaughtered</code>.</h4> <p>Yule节并不是一个重要的节日，因为这是一年中动物被屠杀的时候。</p> <h4 id="and-this-was-the-only-time-of-year-when-most-people-had-fresh-meat"><a href="#and-this-was-the-only-time-of-year-when-most-people-had-fresh-meat" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> And this was the only time of year when most people had fresh meat.</h4> <p>也是一年中唯一一个大部分人都能迟到新鲜的肉的时候。</p> <h4 id="as-part-of-the-celebration-families-would-bring-an-evergreen-tree-into-the-home-and-decorate-it"><a href="#as-part-of-the-celebration-families-would-bring-an-evergreen-tree-into-the-home-and-decorate-it" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> As part of the celebration, families would bring an evergreen tree into the home and decorate it.</h4> <p>作为庆祝活动的一部分，家家户户都会把一颗常青树带回家装饰。</p> <h4 id="the-evergreen-tree-was-the-only-type-of-tree-that-would-stay-green-throughout-the-winter"><a href="#the-evergreen-tree-was-the-only-type-of-tree-that-would-stay-green-throughout-the-winter" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> The evergreen tree was the only type of tree that would stay green throughout the winter.</h4> <p>常青树是唯一一种能在整个冬天保持绿色的树。</p> <h4 id="therefore-they-viewed-it-as-a-symbol-of-continued-life"><a href="#therefore-they-viewed-it-as-a-symbol-of-continued-life" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> Therefore they viewed it as a symbol of continued life.</h4> <p>因此它们被视为生命延续的象征。</p> <h4 id="they-also-told-stories-of-a-mythical-being-odin-who-flew-through-the-sky-during-yule-to-leave-presents-and-sweets-for-children"><a href="#they-also-told-stories-of-a-mythical-being-odin-who-flew-through-the-sky-during-yule-to-leave-presents-and-sweets-for-children" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> They also told stories of a mythical being, Odin, who flew through the sky during Yule to leave presents and sweets for children.</h4> <p>他们还会讲述神话人物————奥丁的故事，他会在Yule节期间飞过天空，给孩子们留下礼物和糖果。</p> <h4 id="they-also-believed-odin-would-determine-who-would-prosper-and-who-would-fail-in-the-coming-year"><a href="#they-also-believed-odin-would-determine-who-would-prosper-and-who-would-fail-in-the-coming-year" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> They also believed Odin would determine who would prosper and who would fail in the coming year.</h4> <p>他们还相信奥丁会决定谁会在未来的一年里成功，谁会失败。</p> <h4 id="these-winter-solstice-traditions-and-many-others-helped-lay-the-foundations-for-what-would-some-day-become-christmas"><a href="#these-winter-solstice-traditions-and-many-others-helped-lay-the-foundations-for-what-would-some-day-become-christmas" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> These Winter Solstice traditions and many others helped lay the foundations for what would some day become Christmas.</h4> <p>这些冬至传统和许多其他习俗为圣诞节的到来奠定了基础。</p> <h2 id="生词统计"><a href="#生词统计" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> 生词统计</h2> <table><thead><tr><th>单词</th> <th>音标</th> <th>翻译</th></tr></thead> <tbody><tr><td>solstice</td> <td>ˈsɑːlstɪs</td> <td>n. 至、至日、至点</td></tr> <tr><td>significant</td> <td>sɪɡˈnɪfɪkənt</td> <td>adj. 重大的、有效的、有意义的、意味深长的； n. 象征、有意义的事物</td></tr> <tr><td>associate</td> <td>əˈsoʊsieɪt</td> <td>v. 联想、联系、关联、交往； n. 伙伴、准会员、联想； adj. 联合的、副的</td></tr> <tr><td>saturnalia</td> <td>sætə'neiliə</td> <td>n. （古罗马）农神节（十二月中旬）、狂欢喧闹</td></tr> <tr><td>indulge</td> <td>ɪnˈdʌldʒ</td> <td>v. 满足、纵容、沉溺、使沉迷于...</td></tr> <tr><td>frivolity</td> <td>frɪˈvɑːləti</td> <td>n. 轻浮、轻薄、轻率</td></tr> <tr><td>revelry</td> <td>ˈrevlri</td> <td>n. 狂欢、欢宴</td></tr> <tr><td>slaughter</td> <td>ˈslɔːtər</td> <td>v. 屠宰、屠杀</td></tr></tbody></table> <h2 id="原文阅读"><a href="#原文阅读" aria-hidden="true" class="header-anchor">#</a> 原文阅读</h2> <p>Christmas is the most widely celebrated holiday in the world today.</p> <p>But how long has Christmas been around? And has it always been celebrated the same way?</p> <p>For hundreds of years, many different cultures across Europe celebrated a yearly festival on December 21.</p> <p>This day is known as the Winter Solstice.</p> <p>This is a significant day because it is the shortest day of the year, meaning that this day has the least amount of time between sunup and sundown.</p> <p>In ancient Rome, there were multiple celebrations associated with the solstice.</p> <p>One of those celebrations was known as Saturnalia.</p> <p>Saturnalia was a holiday honoring Saturn, the Roman god of agriculture.</p> <p>The holiday began on December 17 and continued through December 23.</p> <p>Saturnalia was a festive time when food and drink were plentiful.</p> <p>During this reason of fun, the normal social order would reverse, and the wealthy would turn control of the city over to the poor.</p> <p>Businesses and schools would even close during the celebration, so that everyone could indulge in the frivolity.</p> <p>In Germany and regions further north, the Winter Solstice celebration was knwon as Yule.</p> <p>During the Yule celebration, families would find the biggest log they could and bring it inside.</p> <p>They would burn the log on their fireplace and attempt to keep the fire going for 12 days.</p> <p>During the time the Yule log burned, there would be many days of festivities and revelry.</p> <p>Yule wasn't an important holiday, because this was the time of years when animals were slaughtered.</p> <p>And this was the only time of year when most people had fresh meat.</p> <p>As part of the celebration, families would bring an evergreen tree into the home and decorate it.</p> <p>The evergreen tree was the only type of tree that would stay green throughout the winter.</p> <p>Therefore they viewed it as a symbol of continued life.</p> <p>They also told stories of a mythical being, Odin, who flew through the sky during Yule to leave presents and sweets for children.</p> <p>They also believed Odin would determine who would prosper and who would fail in the coming year.</p> <p>These Winter Solstice traditions and many others helped lay the foundations for what would some day become Christmas.</p> <div class="position" data-v-60a5bf8a><div class="loading" style="display:;" data-v-60a5bf8a><span data-v-60a5bf8a></span> <span data-v-60a5bf8a></span> <span data-v-60a5bf8a></span> <span data-v-60a5bf8a></span></div> <audio id="audio" controls="controls" controlsList="nodownload" oncontextmenu="return false" preload src="https://rtyxmd.gitee.io/rtyresources2019/2019-September/Origins of Christmas 1.mp3" style="display:none;" data-v-60a5bf8a></audio> <div class="custom-audio" style="display:none;" data-v-60a5bf8a><div class="flex-content" data-v-60a5bf8a><div class="audio-controls" data-v-60a5bf8a><i class="iconfont icon-yinliang1" data-v-60a5bf8a></i></div> <div class="audio-controls" data-v-60a5bf8a><i class="iconfont icon-shipinkuaituimiao" data-v-60a5bf8a></i></div> <div class="audio-controls play-control" data-v-60a5bf8a><i class="iconfont icon-bofang" data-v-60a5bf8a></i></div> <div class="audio-controls" data-v-60a5bf8a><i class="iconfont icon-shipinkuaijinmiao" data-v-60a5bf8a></i></div> <div class="audio-controls" data-v-60a5bf8a><div data-v-60a5bf8a>1.0x</div></div></div> <div class="audio-progress" data-v-60a5bf8a></div></div></div></div> <footer class="page-edit"><div class="edit-link"><a href="https://gitee.com/liberal2016/doc.git/edit/master/docs/nav.03.english/02.2019/2019-September/Origins of Christmas 1.md" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">Edit this page</a> <svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" aria-hidden="true" x="0px" y="0px" viewBox="0 0 100 100" width="15" height="15" class="icon outbound"><path fill="currentColor" d="M18.8,85.1h56l0,0c2.2,0,4-1.8,4-4v-32h-8v28h-48v-48h28v-8h-32l0,0c-2.2,0-4,1.8-4,4v56C14.8,83.3,16.6,85.1,18.8,85.1z"></path> <polygon fill="currentColor" points="45.7,48.7 51.3,54.3 77.2,28.5 77.2,37.2 85.2,37.2 85.2,14.9 62.8,14.9 62.8,22.9 71.5,22.9"></polygon></svg></div> <!----></footer> <div class="page-nav"><p class="inner"><span class="prev">
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